Venované 125. výročiu narodenia
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Dedicated to 125th anniversary of
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| Kocian Ľ; | Preamble | 3 | |
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Abstract:
The detailed research on selected groups of aquatic
communities was carried out in indigenous and anthropogenically
disturbed biotopes in the area of the Gidra river basin in the years
1998-2000. Gidra stream rises in Malé Karpaty Mts. There were 11
localities selected for the study evenly distributed over the whole
stream. 13 physical, chemical and microbiological parameters were
studied in these localities while in 5 localities 11 physiographical
parameters were studied, too. Ciliophora, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera
communities, selected groups of Diptera, aquatic Coleoptera and fish
were monitored. The effect of abiotic and biotic variables was
verified in several groups by means of Canonical Correspondence
analysis (CCA). The results achieved confirm that the upper and
medium section of the Gidra stream represents unique, undisturbed
aquatic communities. In the lower section the negative anthropogenic
impact is evident. The Gidra river basin forms the important gene
pool of rare species and communities of flowing waters not only with
respect to Slovakia but also Europe. Keywords: Gidra, Malé Karpaty Mts., indigenousness of biotopes, anthropogenic effect, macrozoobenthos, microzoobenthos, community |
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| Országh I; | Michal Novikov - Professor of Zoology at the Department of Zoology, Comenius University, Bratislava | 5-12 |
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Abstract:
Prof. M. Novikov was head of the Department of Zoology at the Slovak
University in Bratislava from September 1939 when he founded it,
until February 1945. As a Philosophiae naturalis doctor
(Heidelberg) and Zoologiae doctor (Moscow) he had been a
professor at the Moscow University and in 1919-1920 its Rector. On
leaving Russia in (1922) he settled down in Prague and, as of 1935,
was a professor at Charles University. In 1939 he came to Bratislava
and was named Professor of Comparative Anatomy, Histology and
Embryology of the Slovak University.
Novikov enjoyed
international recognition as an authority in comparative anatomy. He
began to publish scientific papers back in 1904 while still studying
under Prof. Bütschli at the University of Heidelberg. His works were
particularly concerned with the organs of vision in invertebrates.
He studied the origin of cartilage and bone formation in
ontogenesis, with special emphasis on the embryonic development of
the parietal eye in reptiles, etc. On the basis of his anatomical
studies he came to the conclusion that the parallelism frequently
observed in the structure of organs of various animal groups is
independent of the degree of their species relatedness, a phenomenon
he designated by the term “homomorphy”. He wrote several valuable
studies and books on the history of biology. On leaving Slovakia
(1945), Novikov stayed for some time in Germany and in 1949 left
Europe for the U.S.A. Unfortunately, his further fate in that
country, as also the place and date of his death remain unknown to
us so far. Keywords: Michal Novikov, zoologist, life and work, Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University, Slovakia |
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| Urban P; | Graduates of Department of Zoology Faculty of Natural Sciences of Comenius University Bratislava in Organisations of State Nature Conservancy of Slovak Republic - Current State | 13-16 |
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Abstract:
The
State Nature Conservancy of Slovak Republic is a governmental
organisation established in 2000 as an expert organisation of the
Ministry of the Environment of the Slovak Republic and contents of 7
administrations of national parks, 16 administrations of protected
landscape areas 2 regional administrations of nature and landscape
protection and Centre for Nature and Landscape Protection. At 23
from this 26 subjects have created positions for zoologists. In
State Nature Conservancy work together 32 zoologists, from those 13
are graduates of Natural Sciences of Comenius University Bratislava
and 8 from those are graduates of Department of Zoology. Keywords: Department of Zoology, graduates, nature protection |
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| Holčík J; | To the History of Ichthyology in Slovakia | 17-24 | |
| Kocian Ľ; Halgoš J; | To the History of Ichthyology in Slovakia - Another Viewing Angle | 24-26 | |
| Stloukal E; | Integrated information system on Slovak fauna - its history, actual status and expectations | 27-35 | |
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Abstract:
The Databank of Slovak Fauna is integrated
information system on distribution and diversity of fauna in
Slovakia. Brief history, cutter state and perspectives of the most
important and the largest-scale project of Slovak zoologists is
presented. DFS maintain a comprehensive databases with checklists of
all animal reported in Slovakia, references, localities of their
occurrence and other important information. Keywords: databank, information system, faunistic database, Slovakia |
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| Košel V; | Checklist of Turbellaria in Slovakia | 37-40 |
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Abstract:
The article summarises the data published so far on
Turbellaria from the territory of Slovakia. Thirteen 13 species (4
orders) from so-called “microturbellaria” and water Tricladida 11
species were reported. There are records of 3 terrestrial taxa but
only that of Bipalium kewense from a greenhouse can be
considered to be reliable. In the Appendix, there are data on
another four water species unknown so far from Slovakia. Keywords: Turbellaria, Slovakia, checklist |
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| Dudiňák V; Šnábel V; | Comparative Analysis of Slovak and Czech Populations of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) Using Morphological and Isoenzyme Analyses | 41-50 |
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Abstract:
Morphological and genetic variability of three
Pomphorynchus laevis (Zoega in Müller, 1776) Monticelli, 1905 (Acanthocephala)
populations obtained from the Slovak and Czech Republics and the two
fish hosts was examined. Despite the existence of differences in
body length being induced by different host species, both Slovak
populations were mutually in the closer relationship compared with
Czech population. Morphological characters that mostly contributed
to the discrimination of populations were a number of hooks in one
row and a number of rows of hooks in proboscis. The results from
isoenzyme analysis were congruent with morphological data in showing
clear differences in the genetic constitution of Slovak and Czech
populations. Five out of eight enzyme systems shared no common
allele in these groups. High proportion of fixed genetic differences
(62.5%) found between populations from these regions indicates an
existence of distinct genetic forms. The results from both
approaches suggest geographically induced variability, irrespective
of host species involved. Keywords: fish, Pomphorhynchus laevis, Acanthocephala, morphology, isoenzymes, discriminant analysis |
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| Fedor PJ; | The Orthopteroid Insect Fauna in the Surroundings of the Zemplínska Šírava Reservoir (Eastern Slovakia) after Forty Years | 51-56 |
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Abstract:
Almost 4 decades after the first research of the
orthopterous insects in the surroundings of the Zemplínska šírava
Dam (eastern Slovakia) recorded 32 species of Ensifera, 35 of
Caelifera and 1 of Mantodea at the beginning of 60´s, short time
before the flood, the repeated monitoring of the orthopterous insect
fauna was done in the same study area in 1999-2000. The results hint
at the significant differences in a species composition as well as
in a quantity. The original value of an α‑diversity, 53 species of
orthopteroid insects (Ensifera, Caelifera et Mantodea) decreased
onto 33 at 7 study sites, what considerably corresponds with the
destruction of the previously widespread wetlands and the other rare
biotops, especially due to an anthropogenous impact. A continuous or
a total disappearing of some rare insects, for example Saga pedo
(Pallas, 1771) or
Ephippiger ephippiger vitium
(Serville,
1831) was recorded. On the contrary, some of the species with
the wider ecological valance, for example Euchorthippus declivus
(Brisout de Barneville,
1849) and Chorthippus vagans (Eversmann, 1848) were
observed here for the first time or the value of their dominance
increased. Keywords: Ensifera, Caelifera, Mantodea, Zemplínska šírava, Slovakia |
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| Úradník M; Kulfan J; | Structure of Sawfly Pseudocaterpillar (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) Assemblages Feeding On Norway Spruce and Their Seasonal Changes | 57-62 |
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Abstract:
Field research was carried out at the Kozí chrbát locality (950 m
a.s.l.) in the Poľana Mts. (central Slovakia). The
pseudocaterpillars were obtained monthly from May to October from
branches by means of the beating method. The sampling area was
situated at the edge of a 50-70 year old commercial spruce forest.
In total, we have collected 941 pseudocaterpillars from 3 families
and 24 species. The most abundant were the following taxa:
Gilpinia polytoma (Hartig, 1834) (dominance 36.0 %),
Sharliphora nigella (Förster, 1854) (group) (11.3 %),
Pikonema montana (Zaddach, 1883) (group) (8.2 %), P.
scutellata (Hartig, 1837) (7.7 %), Cephalcia arvensis
Panzer, 1805 (4.0 %) and Pristiphora decipiens (Enslin, 1916)
(3.8 %). The record of Cephalcia
fulva Battisti and Zanocco, 1994 is
faunistically significant.
Assemblage abundance showed two peaks - in June and September. In
June higher density values were observed for several taxa. On the
other hand, in September the high abundance of the assemblage was
determined predominantly by G. polytoma. |
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| Franc V; | Beetles of The Family Erotylidae (Coleoptera) in the Slovakian Fauna | 63-69 |
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Abstract:
Presented paper deals with distribution and ecology
of the beetles of the family Erotylidae in Slovakia. It is
a little-known group of beetles mentioned very sporadically in
faunistic papers. Erotylidae are especially tied to the bracket
fungi growing on old trees. The majority of them occur in ancient
forests, and then are considered to be the significant
bioindicators. Erotylidae are often listed in the Red Lists of
separate European countries. Ecosozological status of separate
species throughout Europe is discussed below. Very rare and
threatened species include Triplax elongata, T. pygmaea, T.
collaris and Combocerus glaber. Triplax lacordairei
is a new species for the Slovakian fauna. Key words: beetles, Erotylidae, Coleoptera mycetophila, bioindication, protection of insects |
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| Peterková V; Petřvalský V; | Determination and Occurrence of Microelements in Biological Material (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Various Systems of Soil Utilizations in Nitra Region - Dolná Malanta | 71-74 | |
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Abstract:
There are presented results of chemical analyses of
cadmium, lead, copper, manganese, iron and zinc content in
biological mass. There were chosen following species Harpalus
rufipes (De Geer, 1774) and Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger,
1798) for analyses. Even though there were some cumulations of these
microelements in food chain, quantity of input chemical elements to
the soil were relative low in various systems of soil utilizations.
Concentration of these microelements in the soil, plants, as well as
in collected biological material do not exceed toxicity values. Keywords: Harpalus rufipes, Pterostichus melanarius, heavy metals |
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| Országh I; | Culex martinii Medschid (Diptera, Culicidae) in Slovakia | 75-78 |
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Abstract:
The study presents data on an occurrence of the Culex martinii
Medschid, 1930 in Slovakia. Keywords: Culex martinii, Culicidae, Slovakia |
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| Brestovský J; Jalili N; | Mosquitoes of The Ipeľ River Floodplain in The Surroundings of the Šahy Town after the Floods in 1999 | 79-84 |
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Abstract:
Catastrophic floods in the Šahy town and the
neighbouring villages during the night of 22‑23 June 1999, when in
one hour’s time the
flood of rain-water deluged a part of the town with family houses,
gardens, the neighbourhood unit of Tabaň (block of flats) and the
suburban villages, were the cause for a long-term observation of the
mosquito hatching places. The results of the observation made also a
base for the execution of the flat desinsections against mosquito
larvae and adults. During the observation of mosquito hatching
places in the years 1999-2000 in seven habitats we determined the
following mosquito species: Anopheles maculipennis Meigen,
1818, An. atroparvus Van Thiel, 1927, Aedes cinereus
Meigen, 1818, Ae. rossicus, Dolb. Gor & Mitrof., 1930, Ae.
vexans (Meigen, 1830), Ae. geniculatus (Olivier, 1791),
Ae. annulipes (Meigen, 1830), Ae. cantans (Meigen,
1818), Ae. caspius (Pallas, 1771), Ae. communis (De
Geer, 1776), Ae. dorsalis (Meigen, 1830), Ae. excrucians
(Walker, 1856), Ae. leucomelas (Meigen, 1804), Ae. punctor
(Kirby, 1837), Ae. sticticus (Meigen, 1838), Ae.
rusticus (Rossi, 1790), Coquillettidia richiardii (Ficalbi,
1889), Culex modestus Ficalbi, 1889, Cx. pipiens
Linnaeus, 1758, Cx. hortensis Ficalbi, 1889, Cx. territans
Walker, 1856, Culiseta annulata (Schrank, 1776). Keywords: mosquitoes, flood plain, Šahy town, Slovakia |
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| Illéšová D; Halgoš J; | Contribution to Knowledge of Black Flies (Diptera, Simuliidae) in Eastern Slovakia | 85-90 |
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Abstract:
Preimaginal stages of black flies were studied at
23 sites in the northeastern part of Eastern Slovakia in 1999-2000.
Seventeen black fly species were found. The results achieved have
been compared to previous data concerning the occurrence of black
flies in this part of Slovakia. Simulium argenteostriatum
Strobl, 1898 was recorded in this area for the first time.
Five species were newly recorded in the Bukovské vrchy Mts, however,
the occurrence of 5 species bound to lowland streams has not been
confirmed in the investigated area. Prosimulium hirtipes
(Fries, 1824) and
Simulium monticola Friederichs, 1920
are dominant in blackfly communities in
the streams at altitudes above 610 m. In the streams below 610 m a.
s. l. Simulium monticola, Simulium ornatum
Meigen, 1818, Simulium variegatum
Meigen, 1818, and
Simulium auricoma Meigen, 1818
are dominant. In bigger streams and rivers such
as Laborec, Topľa, Ondava, blackfly communities consist mainly of
Simulium ornatum, Simulium reptans
(Linnaeus, 1758)
and Simulium lineatum (Meigen, 1804). Keywords: black flies, Eastern Slovakia, communities |
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| Cyprich D; Krumpál M; | A Seasonal Occurrence of Ceratophyllus garei (Siphonaptera) in Slovakia | 91-94 |
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Abstract:
The seasonal occurrence of Ceratophyllus garei
Rothschild, 1902 is typical by a considerable peak during the summer
months. Another low peak appears in November to December.
Depressions were recorded in October and January. Those are the
considerable differences in a comparison with C. hirundinis, C.
styx and C. sciurorum species with a cocoon block
recorded. It is important to obtain a bigger material out of a
nesting period to establish some details on the seasonal occurrence
of C. garei. Keywords: Siphonaptera, Ceratophyllus garei, Slovakia, bird nests, seasonal occurrence |
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| Bulánková E; Halgoš J; Krno I; Bitušík P; Illéšová D; Lukáš J; Derka T; Šporka F; | The Influence of Different Thermal Regime on the Structure of Coenoses of Stenothermal Hydrobionts in Mountain Streams | 95-102 |
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Abstract:
The influence of different thermal regime on the structure of
macrozoobenthos in two mountain streams, Tomanov potok and Javorov
potok (High Tatras Mts.) is analysed in the frames of investigation.
The streams are situated at an altitude approx. 1300 m and run
through supramontane zone. 83 macrozoobenthic species found were
classified according to their temperature requirements as
oligostenothermal and mesostenothermal ones. 25 species, of the
Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Diptera orders, belong to
oligostenothermal ones, occur only in the cold stream of Javorov
potok with temperature below 7 °C.
Mesostenothermal species occurring in the stream of Tomanov potok
included mainly species of the Ephemeroptera order. Thermal regime
in the monitored mountain streams has a decisive effect on
macrozoobenthic communities. It acts discontinuously in the
direction of the shift of vertical stream zoning. As a result of
balanced thermal regime and low temperature Javorov potok acquires a
transitive character between crenal and epirithral. The stream of
Tomanov potok represents rhithral with qualitative dominance of
epirhithral species. In the summer period, euryoecous
mesostenothermal species typical of submontane streams penetrate in
this stream. Keywords: water thermal regime, macrozoobenthos, High Tatras Mts., Slovakia |
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| Feriancová-Masárová Z; | Changes in Ornithocoenosis of the Nesting Birds in a Residential District of Bratislava | 103-107 |
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Abstract:
Decrease
in the number of nidificants (Dendrocopos major,
Turdus philomelos, Phoenicurus phoenicurus and Phylloscopus
collybita) in the 2nd stage of the study, nesting of 4 species (Luscinia
megarhynchos, Sylvia borin, Sylvia communis, Muscicapa striata)
only in the 1st year of this stage as well as reduction of quantity
in 4 species (Sylvia atricapilla, Passer domesticus, Passer
montanus, Serinus serinus) in the years 1996-1999 related with
more intensive construction activity on this site. Increased noise
and dust pollution had a negative impact on birds. Destruction of
tree species, plastering of houses and roof repairs deprive them of
tree and house holes used by hole nidificants. The expansion of a
built-up area to the detriment of a green area unfavourably affected
sylvan or arboreal birds. After all, nesting of small birds was also
negatively influenced by new occurrence of the family Corvidae
representatives reducing their eggs or nestlings. Keywords: ornithocoenosis, Bratislava, Slovakia |
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| Krištín A; | Importance of Riverine Water Dams For Birds: Case of Water Dam Veľké Kozmálovce (West Slovakia) | 109-116 |
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Abstract:
In total 96 bird species, of them 38 (39,6%)
waterfowl and water living species were found in the study plot.
From all species 29 breeding species, 37 hospites species and 30
permigrants were registered. From 38 waterfowl and water living
species are only 4 breeding species (10,8%). It is extremely few and
indicates absence of bank and littoral vegetation. Ratio of water
breeding bird species and permigrants (4:30) is very unequal
in comparison with the ratio of these ecological groups i.e. at the
water body Ružiná, where this ratio is 23:28. The studied water dam
is most important for waterfowl mainly during the migration period
and winter. In total 14 waterfowl and water living species were
found in winter. The species Anas platyrhynchos, Ardea cinerea,
Cygnus olor, Fulica atra and Podiceps cristatus, Larus
ridibundus, in winter also Mergus albellus, Bucephala
clangula, Phalacrocorax carbo, Aythya ferina and A. fuligula
belonged to the characteristic and most abundant species. The
maximum number of species and specimens of waterfowl showed two
peaks of these variables during the year (in spring – February
through April and autumn – November). High abundance of waterfowl
was found also during the winter period, when the water was not
frozen. Proposals for locality revitalisation and increase of
species diversity are discussed. Keywords: waterfowl, water reservoirs, seasonal changes, birds |
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| Országhová Z; Puchala P; | Weight of Eggs, Hatching and Fledging Success of Nestlings of the Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) | 117-124 |
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Abstract:
We studied a dependence of a hatching and fledging
success of nestlings in 152 Tree Sparrow broods on an average size
of eggs in a clutch. The average weight of eggs in one clutch was
2.1 g. We checked nests twice a week and weighed eggs as soon as
they appeared in a nest for the first time. According to these
values we calculated the average egg weight as 2.07 g, SD=0,1967,
n=762. Because there is a decrease in a weight soon after laying,
the weight of fresh eggs of 2.11 g, SD=0,1985, n=762 was stated
according to the formula W = Kw.LB2. Their difference was highly
significant (P<0,0001, t=4,1337). We did not find any higher
hatching and fledging success according to heavier eggs. Most of the
nestlings, from eggs of a weight similar to the average one, hatched
and successfully fledged. Keywords: egg weight, hatching and fledging success, tree sparrow |
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| Pachinger K; | Return of Beaver (Castor fiber) to Slovakia - Course of Repatriation, Prognosis Its Following Distribution | 125-129 |
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Abstract:
Since 1985 beavers set out within the restoration
scheme in Austria in the years 1976-1986 have been penetrating in
the Southwest Slovakia. While settlement of beavers on the banks of
the Danube River and its branches has been complicated in the
beginning because of destructive floods and later because of
technical obstructions connected with the Gabčíkovo Water Dam
construction, the invasion across the Morava River in streams, lakes
and drainage channels of the Záhorská Lowland has been so successful
that in the course of 15 years beavers inhabited all optimum and
suboptimum habitats. In addition to it in last 3-4 years there are
situations that beavers came into conflict with human interests.
Although the tendency of beavers has been observed to penetrate
through the northern edge of the Little Carpathians to the Danubian
Lowland this migration route is seldom used. In the near future the
regulation of their density seems to be inevitable on the area of
the Záhorská Lowland despite of their high ecosozological status. Keywords: beaver, Slovakia, repatriation |
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